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oblique effect : ウィキペディア英語版
oblique effect
Oblique effect is the name given to the relative deficiency in perceptual performance for oblique contours as compared to the performance for horizontal or vertical contours.
==Background==
The earliest known observation of this effect came about in 1861 when Ernst Mach〔Mach, E. 1861 Ueber das Sehen von Lagen und Winkeln durch die Bewegung des Auges. ''Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien'' 43(2), 215-224〕 completed an experiment in which he set a line to make it appear parallel to an adjoining one, and found observers' errors to be least for horizontal and vertical orientations and largest for an inclination of 45 degrees. The effect can be demonstrated for many visual tasks and was named ''oblique effect'' in the widely cited article by Stuart Appelle.〔Appelle S. 1972 Perception and discrimination as function of stimulus orientation. ''Psychological Bulletin'' 78,266-278〕

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